xv6调试

安装开发环境

1	sudo apt-get install git build-essential gdb-multiarch qemu-system-misc gcc-riscv64-linux-gnu binutils-riscv64-linux-gnu

理解框架代码的编译

输出到vim中
- make nB | vim -
在 Vim 里做一些你舒适的文本处理
- :%s/^/\r 在命令之间插入空行
- :%s/ /\r /g 将命令的参数缩进排版
另存为新文件
- :w filename

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc 
 -c
 -o
 kernel/entry.o
 kernel/entry.S

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/start.o
 kernel/start.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/console.o
 kernel/console.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/printf.o
 kernel/printf.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/uart.o
 kernel/uart.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/kalloc.o
 kernel/kalloc.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/spinlock.o
 kernel/spinlock.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/string.o
 kernel/string.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/main.o
 kernel/main.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/vm.o
 kernel/vm.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/proc.o
 kernel/proc.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -c
 -o
 kernel/swtch.o
 kernel/swtch.S

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -c
 -o
 kernel/trampoline.o
 kernel/trampoline.S

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/trap.o
 kernel/trap.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/syscall.o
 kernel/syscall.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/sysproc.o
 kernel/sysproc.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/bio.o
 kernel/bio.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/fs.o
 kernel/fs.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/log.o
 kernel/log.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/sleeplock.o
 kernel/sleeplock.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/file.o
 kernel/file.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/pipe.o
 kernel/pipe.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/exec.o
 kernel/exec.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/sysfile.o
 kernel/sysfile.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -c
 -o
 kernel/kernelvec.o
 kernel/kernelvec.S

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/plic.o
 kernel/plic.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -c
 -o
 kernel/virtio_disk.o
 kernel/virtio_disk.c

riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
 -Wall
 -Werror
 -O
 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
 -ggdb
 -DSOL_UTIL
 -MD
 -mcmodel=medany
 -ffreestanding
 -fno-common
 -nostdlib
 -mno-relax
 -I.
 -fno-stack-protector
 -fno-pie
 -no-pie
 -march=rv64g
 -nostdinc
 -I.
 -Ikernel
 -c
 user/initcode.S
 -o
 user/initcode.o

riscv64-linux-gnu-ld
 -z
 max-page-size=4096
 -N
 -e
 start
 -Ttext
 0
 -o
 user/initcode.out
 user/initcode.o

riscv64-linux-gnu-objcopy
 -S
 -O
 binary
 user/initcode.out
 user/initcode

riscv64-linux-gnu-objdump
 -S
 user/initcode.o
 >
 user/initcode.asm

riscv64-linux-gnu-ld
 -z
 max-page-size=4096
 -T
 kernel/kernel.ld
 -o
 kernel/kernel
 kernel/entry.o
 kernel/start.o
 kernel/console.o
 kernel/printf.o
 kernel/uart.o
 kernel/kalloc.o
 kernel/spinlock.o
 kernel/string.o
 kernel/main.o
 kernel/vm.o
 kernel/proc.o
 kernel/swtch.o
 kernel/trampoline.o
 kernel/trap.o
 kernel/syscall.o
 kernel/sysproc.o
 kernel/bio.o
 kernel/fs.o
 kernel/log.o
 kernel/sleeplock.o
 kernel/file.o
 kernel/pipe.o
 kernel/exec.o
 kernel/sysfile.o
 kernel/kernelvec.o
 kernel/plic.o
 kernel/virtio_disk.o
 
 

riscv64-linux-gnu-objdump
 -S
 kernel/kernel
 >
 kernel/kernel.asm

riscv64-linux-gnu-objdump
 -t
 kernel/kernel
 |
 sed
 '1,/SYMBOL
 TABLE/d;
 s/
 .*
 /
 /;
 /^$/d'
 >
 kernel/kernel.sym

gdb调试

makefile中的定义的make commend

qemu: $K/kernel fs.img
	$(QEMU) $(QEMUOPTS)

.gdbinit: .gdbinit.tmpl-riscv
	sed "s/:1234/:$(GDBPORT)/" < $^ > $@

qemu-gdb: $K/kernel .gdbinit fs.img
	@echo "*** Now run 'gdb' in another window." 1>&2
	$(QEMU) $(QEMUOPTS) -S $(QEMUGDB)

print-gdbport:
	@echo $(GDBPORT)

终端1

grand@Lubuntu ~/xv6-labs-2020 (util)> make qemu-gdb
sed "s/:1234/:26000/" < .gdbinit.tmpl-riscv > .gdbinit
*** Now run 'gdb' in another window.
qemu-system-riscv64 -machine virt -bios none -kernel kernel/kernel -m 128M -smp 3 -nographic -drive file=fs.img,if=none,format=raw,id=x0 -device virtio-blk-device,drive=x0,bus=virtio-mmio-bus.0 -S -gdb tcp::26000

或者make CPUS=1 qemu-gdb，Makefile中的CPUS即qemu -smp $(CPUS)，cpu核数，设置为1时，单线程，方便调试

终端2

grand@Lubuntu ~/xv6-labs-2020 (util)> gdb-multiarch kernel/kernel
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 9.2-0ubuntu1~20.04) 9.2
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
    <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.

For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from kernel/kernel...
warning: File "/home/grand/xv6-labs-2020/.gdbinit" auto-loading has been declined by your `auto-load safe-path' set to "$debugdir:$datadir/auto-load".
To enable execution of this file add
        add-auto-load-safe-path /home/grand/xv6-labs-2020/.gdbinit
line to your configuration file "/home/grand/.gdbinit".
To completely disable this security protection add
        set auto-load safe-path /
line to your configuration file "/home/grand/.gdbinit".
For more information about this security protection see the
--Type <RET> for more, q to quit, c to continue without paging--

按q回车退出，在/home/grand/.gdbinit中添加add-auto-load-safe-path /home/grand/xv6-labs-2020/.gdbinit

1	grand@Lubuntu ~/xv6-labs-2020 (util) [1]> echo "add-auto-load-safe-path /home/grand/xv6-labs-2020/.gdbinit" >> "/home/grand/.gdbinit"

重新运行

grand@Lubuntu ~/xv6-labs-2020 (util)> gdb-multiarch kernel/kernel
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 9.2-0ubuntu1~20.04) 9.2
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.                                                                                   
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
    <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.

For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from kernel/kernel...
The target architecture is assumed to be riscv:rv64
0x0000000000001000 in ?? ()
(gdb)

现在就可以去调试了，快来试试下面的命令，了解熟悉gdb的基本调试操作。

gdb常用命令

tui界面相关的（Text User Interface commands）

tui enable 启动tui界面，默认显示源码
tui disable 关闭tui界面
layout asm 启动tui界面，查看汇编代码
layout src 启动tui界面，查看源码
layout split 启动tui界面，同时查看源码和汇编
layout reg 启动tui节目，查看寄存器
focus [win] 多个窗口时，可以聚焦到某一窗口，例如focus src, focus asm, focus reg

执行相关的

si 执行一条汇编指令
ni 执行一条汇编指令，若是跳转指令，则执行完返回。
s 执行一行代码，进入函数，step
n 执行一行代码，不进入函数，next
c 继续运行，遇到断点暂停，continue
r 执行整个程序，遇到断点暂停，run
finish 函数结束，遇到断点暂停

断点

b [func] 添加断点，如b main
b [line] 添加断点，如b 17
b filename:[line/func] 添加断点，如b kernel/main.c:15
i breakpoints 查看断点的信息
d [num] 删除断点/观察点，如b 1，不填num时，删除所有的断点

观察点

watch [val] 设置观察点，当某个变量的值发生变化时，暂停提示
watch [expr] 设置观察点，当表达式发生变化时，暂停提示
d [num] 删除断点/观察点

查看

p [var] 打印某个变量
i locals 查看局部变量
i args 查看函数的入参
i frame 查看当前栈帧信息
bt/basktrace 查看所有栈帧的位置
frame [num] 查看某个栈帧的信息

vscode调试

ssh远程链接

在vscode安装ssh插件，在ubuntu安装openssh-server
- sudo apt install openssh-server
  - 出错了先按照提示安装依赖，sudo apt-get install openssh-client=1:8.2p1-4
  - 再重新安装
给ubuntu添加一个网络适配器，设定为仅主机模式
在ubuntu给该网卡设定静态ip
最后在vscode登录，username@ip，输入密码

vscode配置教程

调试手册和实验手册

http://hitsz-cslab.gitee.io/os-labs/remote_env_gdb/